TopLog: ILP using a logic program declarative bias. This paper introduces a new Inductive Logic Programming (ILP) framework called Top Directed Hypothesis Derivation (TDHD). In this framework each hypothesised clause must be derivable from a given logic program called top theory (⊤). The top theory can be viewed as a declarative bias which defines the hypothesis space. This replaces the metalogical mode statements which are used in many ILP systems. Firstly, we present a theoretical framework for TDHD and show that standard SLD derivation can be used to efficiently derive hypotheses from ⊤. Secondly, we present a prototype implementation of TDHD within a new ILP system called TopLog. Thirdly, we show that the accuracy and efficiency of TopLog, on several benchmark datasets, is competitive with a state of the art ILP system like Aleph